A protein receptor in our body, also called the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, controls the cells’ ability to grow, divide, or repair itself. However, when there is something wrong in the gene that is responsible for HER2 protein, the body starts creating too many receptors. This causes excess production of the breast cells, creating a tumor.

According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, about 20% of the total population suffers from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This condition occurs when the stomach acid frequently flows back into the tube called esophagus which connects the mouth and stomach. This backwash of the stomach acid, also known as acid reflux, can irritate the lining of this tube.

Major depressive disorder or clinical depression has a negative effect on how a person feels, thinks, and reacts. It causes a perennial feeling of sadness accompanied by a loss of interest in once enjoyable activities. Moreover, it causes a number of emotional and physical problems that can decrease the affected person’s ability to function normally.

The term metastatic is used to define cancer that spreads from the place of origin to other parts of the body. Metastatic breast cancer forms in the breasts but spreads to the lymph nodes and other organs such as the brain, lungs, or liver. In most cases, or rather in a majority of patients diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer, there is no real cure for the disease.

Depression can be caused by a combination of reasons. The factors that cause depression can be genetic, psychological, biological, or even environmental. The theory that depression is caused by an imbalance of chemicals or neurotransmitters in the brain has been difficult to prove, and the MRI’s of people suffering from depression appears different from those without depression.

When a patient is diagnosed with severe eosinophilic asthma, indicating the presence of more than normal levels of eosinophils, doctors begin treatment with a goal of controlling and improving the symptoms. This can be done by reducing the eosinophils that are present in the airways. As the levels of eosinophils reduce, a person will be able to regain control of their breathing.

Stage IV of breast cancer, or the advanced form of breast cancer, is commonly referred to as metastatic breast cancer. Although not a specific type of cancer, it denotes the severity and stage of the progression of the disease. At this stage, the cancer has spread beyond the breast and has affected the lymph nodes associated with other organs in the body, such as the bones, liver, lungs, and even the brain.

Biosimilars are a copy of the original biologic medical product used in the treatment of a particular disease. These are also known as follow-on or subsequent entry biologics. Biosimilars are officially approved versions of the original “innovator” medicines and are manufactured by a different pharmaceutical company. However, biosimilars can be manufactured only after the patent of the original biologic expires.